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Joyce, L. A., Blate, G. M., Littell, J. S., McNulty, S. G., Millar, C. I., Moser, S. C., . . . Peterson, D. L. (2008). National forests. in: Preliminary review of adaptation options for climate-sensitive ecosystems and resources. a report by the U.S. climate change science program and the subcommittee on global change research. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, 1-127.
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Karl, T. R., Melillo, J. M., & Peterson, T. C. (2009). Global climate change impacts in the United States. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.
Chiang, J.-M., McEwan, R. W., Yaussy, D. A., & Brown, K. J. (2008). The effects of prescribed fire and silvicultural thinning on the aboveground carbon stocks and net primary production of overstory trees in an oak-hickory ecosystem in southern Ohio. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(5-6), 1584–1594. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.016
Wiedinmyer, C., & Hurteau, M. D. (2010). Prescribed Fire As a Means of Reducing Forest Carbon Emissions in the Western United States. Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(6), 1926–1932. doi:10.1021/es902455e
Kobziar, L. N. (2007). The role of environmental factors and tree injuries in soil carbon respiration response to fire and fuels treatments in pine plantations. Biogeochemistry, 84(2), 191–206. doi:10.1007/s10533-007-9118-y
Kelly, E. N., Schindler, D. W., St. Louis, V. L., Donald, D. B., & Vladicka, K. E. (2006). Forest fire increases mercury accumulation by fishes via food web restructuring and increased mercury inputs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(51), 19380–19385. doi:10.1073/pnas.0609798104
Sohngen, B., & Mendelsohn, R. (2003). An Optimal Control Model of Forest Carbon Sequestration. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85(2), 448–457. doi:10.1111/1467-8276.00133
Pohjola, J., & Valsta, L. (2007). Carbon credits and management of Scots pine and Norway spruce stands in Finland. Forest Policy and Economics, 9(7), 789–798. doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2006.03.012
Korner, C. (2005). Carbon Flux and Growth in Mature Deciduous Forest Trees Exposed to Elevated CO2. Science, 309(5739), 1360–1362. doi:10.1126/science.1113977
Peterson, C. J. (2000). Catastrophic wind damage to North American forests and the potential impact of climate change. Science of The Total Environment, 262(3), 287–311. doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00529-5
Kirilenko, A. P., & Sedjo, R. A. (2007). Climate change impacts on forestry. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(50), 19697–19702. doi:10.1073/pnas.0701424104
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Seager, R., Tzanova, A., & Nakamura, J. (2009). Drought in the Southeastern United States: Causes, Variability over the Last Millennium, and the Potential for Future Hydroclimate Change*. J. Climate, 22(19), 5021–5045. doi:10.1175/2009jcli2683.1
Lubowski, R. N., Plantinga, A. J., & Stavins, R. N. (2006). Land-use change and carbon sinks: Econometric estimation of the carbon sequestration supply function. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 51(2), 135–152. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2005.08.001
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Newell, R. G., & Stavins, R. N. (2000). Climate Change and Forest Sinks: Factors Affecting the Costs of Carbon Sequestration. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 40(3), 211–235. doi:10.1006/jeem.1999.1120
Logan, J. A., Régnière, J., & Powell, J. A. (2003). Assessing the impacts of global warming on forest pest dynamics. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1(3), 130–137. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2003)001[0130:atiogw]2.0.co;2
Irland, L. C. (2000). Ice storms and forest impacts. Science of The Total Environment, 262(3), 231–242. doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00525-8
McCarthy, H. R., Oren, R., Kim, H.-S., Johnsen, K. H., Maier, C., Pritchard, S. G., & Davis, M. A. (2006). Interaction of ice storms and management practices on current carbon sequestration in forests with potential mitigation under future CO 2 atmosphere . Journal of Geophysical Research, 111(D15). doi:10.1029/2005jd006428
Iverson, L. R., & Prasad, A. M. (1998). PREDICTING ABUNDANCE OF 80 TREE SPECIES FOLLOWING CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. Ecological Monographs, 68(4), 465–485. doi:10.1890/0012-9615(1998)068[0465:paotsf]2.0.co;2
Iverson, L. R., & Prasad, A. M. (2002). Potential redistribution of tree species habitat under five climate change scenarios in the eastern US. Forest Ecology and Management, 155(1-3), 205–222. doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(01)00559-x
McCarney, G. R., Armstrong, G. W., & Adamowicz, W. L. (2008). Joint production of timber, carbon, and wildlife habitat in the Canadian boreal plains. Can. J. For. Res., 38(6), 1478–1492. doi:10.1139/x07-246
Neilson, E. T., MacLean, D. A., Meng, F.-R., Hennigar, C. R., & Arp, P. A. (2008). Optimal on- and off-site forest carbon sequestration under existing timber supply constraints in northern New Brunswick. Can. J. For. Res., 38(11), 2784–2796. doi:10.1139/x08-120
Shugart, H., Sedjo, R., & Sohngen, B. (2003). Forests & global climate change potential impacts on U.S. forest resources. Pew Center on Global Climate Change.
Depro, B. M., Murray, B. C., Alig, R. J., & Shanks, A. (2008). Public land, timber harvests, and climate mitigation: Quantifying carbon sequestration potential on U.S. public timberlands. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(3-4), 1122–1134. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.036
Heath, J. (2005). Rising Atmospheric CO2 Reduces Sequestration of Root-Derived Soil Carbon. Science, 309(5741), 1711–1713. doi:10.1126/science.1110700
Gan, J. (2004). Risk and damage of southern pine beetle outbreaks under global climate change. Forest Ecology and Management, 191(1-3), 61–71. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2003.11.001
Sala, O. E. (2000). Global Biodiversity Scenarios for the Year 2100 Science, 287(5459), 1770–1774. doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1770
Bachelet, D., Neilson, R. P., Hickler, T., Drapek, R. J., Lenihan, J. M., Sykes, M. T., … Thonicke, K. (2003). Simulating past and future dynamics of natural ecosystems in the United States. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 17(2), n/a–n/a. doi:10.1029/2001gb001508
Oren, R., Ellsworth, D. S., Johnsen, K. H., Phillips, N., Ewers, B. E., Maier, C., … Katul, G. G. (2001). Nature, 411(6836), 469–472. doi:10.1038/35078064
Hyvönen, R., Ågren, G. I., Linder, S., Persson, T., Cotrufo, M. F., Ekblad, A., … Wallin, G. (2007). The likely impact of elevated [CO 2 ], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems: a literature review . New Phytologist, 173(3), 463–480. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.01967.x
Jackson, R. B. (2005). Trading Water for Carbon with Biological Carbon Sequestration. Science, 310(5756), 1944–1947. doi:10.1126/science.1119282
HOLDENRIEDER, O. (2004). Tree diseases and landscape processes: the challenge of landscape pathology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19(8), 446–452. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.06.003
Kliejunas, J. T., Geils, B. W., Glaeser, J. M., Goheen, M., Hennon, P., Kim, M. ., . . . Frankel, S. J. (2009). Review of literature on climate change and forest diseases of Western North America (General Technical Report PSW-GTR-225). Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station.
Dukes, J. S., Pontius, J., Orwig, D., Garnas, J. R., Rodgers, V. L., Brazee, N., … Ayres, M. (2009). Responses of insect pests, pathogens, and invasive plant species to climate change in the forests of northeastern North America: What can we predict?This article is one of a selection of papers from NE Forests 2100: A Synthesis of Climate Change Impacts on Forests of the Northeastern US and Eastern Canada. Can. J. For. Res., 39(2), 231–248. doi:10.1139/x08-171
Crowl, T. A., Crist, T. O., Parmenter, R. R., Belovsky, G., & Lugo, A. E. (2008). The spread of invasive species and infectious disease as drivers of ecosystem change. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 6(5), 238–246. doi:10.1890/070151
HELLMANN, J. J., BYERS, J. E., BIERWAGEN, B. G., & DUKES, J. S. (2008). Five Potential Consequences of Climate Change for Invasive Species. Conservation Biology, 22(3), 534–543. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00951.x
Williams, D. W., & Liebhold, A. M. (2002). Climate change and the outbreak ranges of two North American bark beetles. Agric Forest Ent, 4(2), 87–99. doi:10.1046/j.1461-9563.2002.00124.x
Garrett, K. A., Dendy, S. P., Frank, E. E., Rouse, M. N., & Travers, S. E. (2006). Climate Change Effects on Plant Disease: Genomes to Ecosystems. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 44(1), 489–509. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.44.070505.143420
DALE, V. H., JOYCE, L. A., MCNULTY, S., NEILSON, R. P., AYRES, M. P., FLANNIGAN, M. D., … MICHAEL WOTTON, B. (2001). Climate Change and Forest Disturbances. BioScience, 51(9), 723. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0723:ccafd]2.0.co;2
Bergot, M., Cloppet, E., Perarnaud, V., Deque, M., Marcais, B., & Desprez-Loustau, M.-L. (2004). Simulation of potential range expansion of oak disease caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi under climate change. Global Change Biology, 10(9), 1539–1552. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00824.x
LOVETT, G. M., CANHAM, C. D., ARTHUR, M. A., WEATHERS, K. C., & FITZHUGH, R. D. (2006). Forest Ecosystem Responses to Exotic Pests and Pathogens in Eastern North America. BioScience, 56(5), 395. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2006)056[0395:fertep]2.0.co;2
DORE, S., KOLB, T. E., MONTES-HELU, M., SULLIVAN, B. W., WINSLOW, W. D., HART, S. C., … HUNGATE, B. A. (2008). Long-term impact of a stand-replacing fire on ecosystem CO 2 exchange of a ponderosa pine forest . Global Change Biology, 14(8), 1801–1820. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01613.x
Certini, G. (2005). Effects of fire on properties of forest soils: a review. Oecologia, 143(1), 1–10. doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1788-8
Hurteau, M., & North, M. (2009). Fuel treatment effects on tree-based forest carbon storage and emissions under modeled wildfire scenarios. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(8), 409–414. doi:10.1890/080049
Bachelet, D., Lenihan, J., Drapek, R., & Neilson, R. (2008). VEMAP vs VINCERA: A DGVM sensitivity to differences in climate scenarios. Global and Planetary Change, 64(1-2), 38–48. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.01.007
Bachelet, D., Neilson, R. P., Lenihan, J. M., & Drapek, R. J. (2001). Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and Carbon Budget in the United States. Ecosystems, 4(3), 164–185. doi:10.1007/s10021-001-0002-7
Guarín, A., & Taylor, A. H. (2005). Drought triggered tree mortality in mixed conifer forests in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 218(1-3), 229–244. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.07.014
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Sohngen, B., & Sedjo, R. (2005). Impacts of climate change on forest product markets: Implications for North American producers. The Forestry Chronicle, 81(5), 669–674. doi:10.5558/tfc81669-5
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McKENZIE, D., GEDALOF, Z., PETERSON, D. L., & MOTE, P. (2004). Climatic Change, Wildfire, and Conservation. Conservation Biology, 18(4), 890–902. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00492.x
Wiedinmyer, C., & Neff, J. C. (2007). Estimates of CO2 from fires in the United States: implications for carbon management. Carbon Balance and Management, 2(1), 10. doi:10.1186/1750-0680-2-10
Safford, H. D., Schmidt, D. A., & Carlson, C. H. (2009). Effects of fuel treatments on fire severity in an area of wildland–urban interface, Angora Fire, Lake Tahoe Basin, California. Forest Ecology and Management, 258(5), 773–787. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.024
Murphy, J. D., Johnson, D. W., Miller, W. W., Walker, R. F., Carroll, E. F., & Blank, R. R. (2006). Wildfire Effects on Soil Nutrients and Leaching in a Tahoe Basin Watershed. Journal of Environment Quality, 35(2), 479. doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0144
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Lenihan, J. M., Bachelet, D., Neilson, R. P., & Drapek, R. (2008). Simulated response of conterminous United States ecosystems to climate change at different levels of fire suppression, CO2 emission rate, and growth response to CO2. Global and Planetary Change, 64(1-2), 16–25. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.01.006
Moritz, M. A. (2003). SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF CONTROLS ON SHRUBLAND FIRE REGIMES: AGE DEPENDENCY AND FIRE HAZARD. Ecology, 84(2), 351–361. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0351:saocos]2.0.co;2
Finkral, A. J., & Evans, A. M. (2008). The effects of a thinning treatment on carbon stocks in a northern Arizona ponderosa pine forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(7), 2743–2750. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.01.041
Hauer, F. R., Stanford, J. A., & Lorang, M. S. (2007). Pattern and Process in Northern Rocky Mountain Headwaters: Ecological Linkages in the Headwaters of the Crown of the Continent1. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 43(1), 104–117. doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00009.x
Fleming, R. A., Candau, J.-N., & McAlpine, R. S. (2002). Climatic Change, 55(1/2), 251–272. doi:10.1023/a:1020299422491
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Dunwiddie, P. W., Hall, S. A., Ingraham, M. W., Bakker, J. D., Nelson, K. S., Fuller, R., & Gray, E. (2009). Rethinking Conservation Practice in Light of Climate Change. Ecological Restoration, 27(3), 320–329. doi:10.3368/er.27.3.320
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Ge Sun, Steven G. McNulty, Erika Cohen, Jennifer Moore Myers, & David Wear. (2005). Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change, Landuse Change, and Human Population Dynamics on Water Availability and Demands in the Southeastern U.S. 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. doi:10.13031/2013.19033
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Watterson, N. A., & Jones, J. A. (2006). Flood and debris flow interactions with roads promote the invasion of exotic plants along steep mountain streams, western Oregon. Geomorphology, 78(1-2), 107–123. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.01.019
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